Archive for November, 2010

November 29, 2010

A comorbidity quandry? No, look at treatment and patient health

I continue to receive questions on hypertension (401.9) and pulmonary hypertension (416.0). One reader recently asked if I would consider pulmonary hypertension to be a comorbidity that should always be coded.

Remember that the list of comorbidities “that should always be coded” are examples of diagnoses likely to impact care because of the chronicity. When you code a comorbidity … a condition that affects the patient’s health, or is such an impactful disease that even if it is under control can affect the patient’s health detrimentally and quickly … that you must think about the treatment aspect.

Is pulmonary hypertension under treatment with medications, education, or intervention? Yes, code it. Does pulmonary hypertension have the potential of impacting other conditions? Probably, but remember that CMS requires that comorbidities be addressed in the POC, so what are you doing about the pulmonary hypertension?

Keep in mind that “chronic” does not automatically mean that a disease is a comorbidity. GERD (530.81) is a great example. A patient may have chronic GERD, but if medication has taken care of symptoms for a length of time, what justifies its “status” as a comorbidity? It’s not being treated by home health professionals. There aren’t interventions.

I love this question … someone is thinking on their feet!

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November 24, 2010

Don’t code yourself for Thanksgiving!

Watch yourself this Thanksgiving, or you might become the subject of an E code:

E015.1: Injury due to activities: grilling and smoking food

OR MAYBE

E015.2: Injury due to activities: cooking and baking

Enjoy yourselves, but not too much. I don’t want anyone with 787.01, 787.02, 787.03, or worse yet, 787.3 from eating too much.

We at Selman-Holman & Associates and CoDR thank you for your continued patronage and wish you a Happy Thanksgiving!
Eternal blessings!!

November 23, 2010

Physicians must date and sign certs, recerts

This information comes from the National Association for Home Care and Hospice:

Effective Jan. 1, 2011, all Medicare home health and hospice certifications and recertifications must be not only signed by the ordering physician, but also must be dated by that physician. During a conference call last week, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) advised its contractors of this interpretation of the final rule updating the home health prospective payment system for 2011 that was published in the Nov. 17 Federal Register.

According to CMS, this change will be effective for all claims submitted on or after Jan. 1, 2011. CMS referenced current policy manual citations, new home health regulations, and existing hospice regulations and manual citations as the basis for its authority. However, CMS failed to reference longstanding policy found in the home health plan of care instructions that permits fixing the date of receipt of signed orders in lieu of physicians dating their signatures.

The Medicare General Information, Eligibility and Entitlement Manual (Pub. 100-01), Chapter 4, section 30.1 states: “The attending physician signs and dates the POC/certification prior to the claim being submitted for payment.”

Hospices are referred to policy and regulations for physician dates of their signature in the CMS online manual Medicare General Information, Eligibility and Entitlement Manual (Pub. 100-01), Chapter 4, section 60, which states: “Certification statements must be dated and signed by the physician.” And the regulation in the November 17 Federal Register 42CFR 418.22 (b)(5) effective Jan. 1, 2011 states: “All certifications and re-certifications must be signed and dated by the physician(s).”

November 23, 2010

OASIS claims payment reference is here!

On Oct. 20, I posted about how OASIS claims are required for payment. I have received several queries about where the source information can be found. Look below for the answers!

The Federal Register, November 2009 (http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2009/pdf/E9-26503.pdf) explains: “Rather, we intend that in finalizing this policy, providers will ensure that prior to submitting a final HH PPS episode claim, a provider will have submitted an OASIS, and the HIPPS code on the final HH PPS episode claim will be consistent with the HIPPS on the OASIS validation report. As such, we are implementing the provision to require the submission of OASIS for final claims as a condition of payment, and revising § 484.210″

This pertains to HH PPS claims and Medicare HMOs will most likely have their own requirements.
This information comes from Category 1 Question 1 from CMS(updated 09/09):The comprehensive assessment must include OASIS items for all skilled Medicare, Medicaid, and Medicare or Medicaid managed care patients with the following exceptions: patients under the age of 18, patients receiving maternity services, patients receiving only chore or housekeeping services, and patients receiving only a single visit in a quality episode. The transmission requirement currently applies to Medicare and Medicaid patients receiving skilled care only.

November 18, 2010

Consider a patient’s safety in performing ADL tasks, not just the ability to perform them

I recently heard from an agency with this patient: He has end-stage COPD with dyspnea on almost all ADL’s, even on 3 liters/minute of oxygen.  His O2 saturation remains at 96-98% even when having significant dyspnea, as long as he remains on O2.

He lives with his son and is alone during the day.  He is able to do his own grooming, make his lunch, transfer on-off his toilet  and walk in the home without a device.  He is, however, very S.O.B. doing these things. Breathing, however, is not considered for things like toilet transfer.

Is he scored as being able to do these items independently?

It is important to remember that the ADL questions include the patient’s safety in performing the tasks, not whether he has the ability to perform the tasks. Dyspnea doesn’t necessarily make the patient unable to perform the task safely. On the other hand, if the patient becomes so dyspneic that he collapses, that would indicate he is unsafe. The questions also do not consider efficiency. For example, if he has to take rest breaks during the tasks, those rest breaks do not impact the scoring. The rest breaks actually may increase the safety.

Remember to consider safety as you rate your patients.

November 17, 2010

Gangrene and diabetes are a pair, but not necessarily a commitment

My recent diabetes posting has generated a few questions:
Question: Even though diabetes may be the number one cause of a problem or is a major cause of a problem, the only manifestations that can be assumed are gangrene and osteomyelitis. Does that mean that as long as we code DM with circulatory manifestations, the gangrene doesn’t need any other codes?

Question: There used to be an assumed relationship between DM and gangrene. Has that changed?

Lisa says: Gangrene and diabetes are always a fun pair to code! In answer to these questions:

You still need to code the osteomyelitis or the gangrene with your diabetes code. So diabetic gangrene is 250.7x, 785.4. The medical assumption does not mean you skip the manifestation code.

What I meant by “number one cause of a problem or is a major cause of a problem” is that a lot of coders will assume relationships between diabetes and other potential manifestations such as CKD. Just because the patient has diabetes and it is a major cause of CKD does NOT mean that the CKD can be assumed to be diabetic. Besides gangrene and osteomyelitis, other potential manifestations need physician confirmation.

There is an assumed relationship of gangrene and diabetes, that has not changed. What I was trying to explain, and I hope I do a better job of it here, is that while gangrene is an assumed manifestation of diabetes, it does NOT follow that having gangrene means that you have diabetes. Gangrene can be a stand-alone problem, so make sure the patient has diabetic gangrene.
November 17, 2010

Amputation stump questions answered!

There is so much confusion on this kind of coding. I’ve written about it on my Musings of a Code-a-Holic page.

November 16, 2010

Keep diabetes rules in mind during diabetes month

November is American Diabetes Month, so I wanted to highlight some information and resources about this too-common (and often miscoded) disease.

See the American Diabetes Association’s web page with updated information related to the disease

The CDC recently updated its diabetes website with information on end-stage renal disease and diabetes.

As for coding, remember these points to ensure more accurate coding:

  • Insulin use does not indicate a diabetes type. While Type I diabetics are dependent on insulin, many Type II diabetics also use insulin. Query the doctor.
  • For Type II diabetes, use of insulin requires a V58.67 code. It is not needed for Type I diabetes because all Type I diabetics use insulin.
  • While gangrene is an assumed manifestation of diabetes, it does NOT follow that having gangrene means that you have diabetes. It can be a stand-alone problem, so make sure the patient has diabetic gangrene.
  • The diabetes code (249.xx or 250.xx) must always precede the manifestation, even if the manifestation is the focus of care.
  • A 4th digit of 1, 2, or 3 would rarely be used in home health settings.
  • 5th digit indicates type and control with Category 250. Again … 5th digit indicates type and control. Watch the wording and the documentation because the key is whether “uncontrolled” is mentioned in documentation.

0: Type II or unspecified type, not stated as uncontrolled

1: Type I, not stated as uncontrolled

2: Type II or unspecified type, uncontrolled

3: Type I, uncontrolled

  • For Secondary Diabetes, 249.xx, the 5th digit indicates control. There is no type.

0: Not stated as uncontrolled, or unspecified

1: uncontrolled

November 11, 2010

November is National Alzheimer’s Awareness Month

According to the Alzheimer’s Association, there are more than 5 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s disease.
Alzheimer’s coding needs to be thought of in terms of multiple aspects of care or multiple symptoms/conditions caused by the Alzheimer’s.
In order to code Alzheimer’s (331.0) primary, multiple issues must be related to this diagnosis. Let’s say your patient had dementia and dysphagia, both specifically documented as related to the Alzheimer’s. You would code 331.0, 294.11, 787.20 with Alzheimer’s primary because of the multiple manifestations of the disease.
If the patient was only being treated for dysphagia related to Alzheimer’s, you would code 787.20, 331.0. That one point of care should be the primary code, not the underlying long-term condition.

Go here for more information on Alzheimer’s facts and figures.

November 10, 2010

401.9 is not the only HTN code

I recently received a stressed email from a clinician confused about the use of 401.9. A doctor told her he wanted her to use 401.1, benign hypertension, rather than 401.9, which is hypertension NOS, for a patient. The clinician then tried to use 403.9, which software rejected, when coding unspecified hypertensive renal disease.

The correct coding lies in documentation. 401.9 can be used if the doctor does not specify whether the HTN is benign or malignant. If you have documented benign hypertension, and the hypertension is not linked to chronic kidney disease or heart disease, code 401.1.
Categories 402 and 403 deal with hypertension in combination with other diseases. 402.1x deals with benign hypertensive heart disease (the fifth digit indicates whether there is heart failure), and 403.1 addresses benign hypertensive chronic kidney disease. Don’t forget to add the stage of kidney disease after the 403 code.

If the patient has HTN and CKD, the hypertension is automatically considered hypertensive chronic kidney disease and is coded with a code from the 403 category. The 403 codes require 5 digits, but you coded with four digits, and that is why your software wouldn’t accept 403.9.

Always, always check the highest specificity to make sure your codes are valid. Query your docs for more specific disease information.

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